FRIAR MANUEL DOS ANJOS AND IMMANUEL KANT. SIMILARITIES AND DIFF ERENCES BETWEEN TWO 18TH CENTURY LOGICS

Abstract

Philosophy is a child of time and reflects the possible understand­ing of a given historical moment. Although this seems banal, it is not. If the statement is correct, it must be admitted that philosophy follows the spirit of the time (Zeitgeist or the mentis way) in which it was produced. This makes it closer to the understanding resulting from the pedagogy that gave rise to it and the mentality that reigned at a certain time. Starting from the mentis way that instituted the teaching in the Serenense College in Mato Grosso and at the University of Königsberg in Prussia, we investigated two conceptual groups: the first, referring to philosophy, to thought and to truth, and the second, to logic, sciences and method. In this sense, we carried out a comparative study between the Cursus Philosophicus (1756), by Friar Manuel dos Anjos, and the Manual of the courses of general logic (1799-1800), by Immanuel Kant. In this study, the central question is to understand if the similarities and differences between the writings of the two philosophers allow us to understand them as truly philosophical writings or if the Serenense would only represent a precari­ous philosophy, without thin and second-hand density.

Keywords: General logic. Cursus Philosophicus. Friar Manuel dos Anjos. Im­manuel Kant.